Ovaries are the production houses of female reproductive cells or eggs. These are ductless organs that develop and release mature eggs during the menstrual cycle in a reproductive-aged woman.
At some point of time, the ovarian surface may develop sac-like structures filled with fluids. These abnormal sacs are called ovarian cysts. Though the cysts cause less discomfort and pain, sometimes cysts may rupture and require immediate medical attention.
To protect the health of the ovaries and prevent such sac formations, regular diagnosis with pelvic examinations and ultrasound is necessary. Ovarian cyst treatment in Gurgaon includes oral medications and surgical procedures that can help treat this condition.
Table of Contents
Feel free to skip ahead if one topic catches your eye:
- What is an Ovarian Cyst?
- Symptoms of Ovarian Cyst
- Risks and Complications
- When to see a doctor?
- Ovarian Cyst treatment in Gurgaon
1.What is an Ovarian Cyst?
A female reproductive system has two ovaries that are present on either side of the uterus and are reproductive junctions for production and maturation of eggs.
Sometimes the ovaries develop extra sac-like structures over its surface. These structures have fluid-filled within them. They bulge with variable sizes and numbers( multiple cysts).
Ovarian cyst types: The most common cysts are the ones that develop as a result of the menstrual cycle. They are also referred to as functional cysts. Functional cysts are of two types namely:
- Follicular cysts: A normal menstrual cycle involves the growth and development of the egg in a sac called the follicle. Typically during ovulation, the follicular sac ruptures to release the egg into the fallopian tubules. But, when the follicle does not break or release the egg, the fluid inside the cysts develops on the surface of the ovary forming follicular cysts.
- Corpus luteum cysts: The follicular sacs usually dissolve after releasing the egg. However, when the follicular sacs are retained even after the egg release and fluids get filled up in them, they are termed as corpus luteum cysts.
The other less common types of cysts are the ones not related to menstrual cycle functioning described as follows:
- Dermoid cysts: These cysts have tissues of the dermal layer like hair and form from the embryonic cells. They are mostly benign and are also called teratomas.
- Cystadenomas: These ovarian cyst growths are seen on the surface of an ovary and are mostly filled with mucus or watery substance.
- Endometriomas: Cyst that is formed due to the growth of the uterine layer outside the uterus (endometriosis). Endometrial tissue attaches to the ovary and grows to form cysts.
The cysts can range from the size of a small pea and grow to the size as huge as a watermelon. Ovarian cysts’ normal size can grow up to the size of 3 cm in diameter. However, ovarian cysts large in size are more than 5 cm in diameter which can extend beyond 10 cm as well.
2. Symptoms of Ovarian Cyst
It is observed that ovarian cysts are less symptomatic. However, symptoms show up when the cysts grow in size. Some of the symptoms are:
- Bloating or swelling in the abdominal region
- Nausea
- Pain during bowel movements
- Sharp pain in the pelvic region before or during periods
- Pain during intercourse
- Excessive pain in the thighs and lower back
- Breast feel tender and heavy
- Irregular menstruation or bleeding in-between period cycles
- Frequent urination
- Problems with urination or bowel related issues
- Endometriomas causes difficulty in attaining pregnancy
3. Risks and Complications
Risks and complications associated with ovarian cysts are seen when the ovaries grow and rupture. Some of the complications are mentioned below:
- Internal bleeding: The rupturing of the ovarian cysts can lead to internal bleeding or hemorrhages( blood oozing from blood vessels) that can be very critical in a few cases.
- Ovarian torsion: The ovary twists itself due to the growth of the cysts. Such torsions in the ovary may also disrupt the blood supply to the ovary causing ovarian necrosis leading to internal swelling and sepsis (no/nil oxygen supply).
- Infertility: Infertility due to ovarian cysts can be a long time or a temporary problem. Researchers believe that ovarian cysts when associated with endometriosis or PCOS (polycystic ovary syndrome) can cause fertility problems.
- Physical and emotional toll: Apart from the above complications, cysts cause a lot of hormonal imbalance and sharp pelvic pain. This can impact emotional and physical well-being.
It is also studied that ovarian cysts during pregnancy do not interfere with pregnancy complications. However, when the cysts grow large and break open, the condition can get critical.
4. When to see a doctor?
Severe symptoms of ovarian cysts are seen when the cysts grow in size/number or rupture. These conditions need immediate medical attention. Severe symptoms of ovarian cysts are:
- Extreme and sudden pain in the pelvic region
- Abdominal pain with fever and vomiting
- Heavy and rapid breathing
- Weakness with dizziness
It is always advised for women who wish to have babies to undergo ovarian cyst ultrasound and other diagnostic procedures to get them removed/treated accordingly.
5. Ovarian Cyst Treatment in Gurgaon
When it comes to a point for answers to questions like can ovarian cysts be cured? or how can an ovarian cyst be removed? There are treatment options that can be considered. They include:
- Medications: Hormonal medications are generally prescribed to refrain from recurrence of ovarian cysts.
- Ovarian cysts removal surgery: Once the best ultrasound clinic diagnoses the presence and growth of large/ multiple cysts, they can be removed through laparoscopic surgery. Laparoscopic surgery involves a small incision done in the lower part of the abdomen. A device called a laparoscope is inserted through the incision that will guide with its light and camera to specifically remove the cysts and keep the ovaries intact.
- Laparotomy and hysterectomy: Sometimes removal of ovaries, uterus, and fallopian tubes may be suggested along with the removal of cysts. This can be done either with the help of a laparoscope (laparotomy) or via the cervix (hysterectomy).
Takeaway
It is observed that functional ovary cysts occur in most women at some point of time and usually fade away within a few weeks. Sometimes, these cysts grow in size and lead to complications. Timely diagnosis and treatment for ovarian cyst by the best gynecologist in Gurgaon will help you sail through the severe conditions that may occur.
At Mulberry, we have a team of the best obstetricians in Gurgaon, who will guide you through various treatments for your problems through a holistic approach. We have the best facilities and staff who will deal with great expertise and care towards infertility treatment.